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 PART II CITIZENSHIP 5. Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution.— At the commencement of this Constitution, every person who has his domicile in the territory of India and—      (a) who was born in the territory of India; or      (b) either of whose parents was born in the territory of India; or      (c) who has been ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years immediately preceding such commencement, shall be a citizen of India. 6. Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan.— Notwithstanding anything in article 5, a person who has migrated to the territory of India from the territory now included in Pakistan shall be deemed to be a citizen of India at the commencement of this Constitution if—      (a) he or either of his parents or any of his grand-parents was born in India as defined in the Government of India Act, 1935 (as originally enacte...

 PART I THE UNION AND ITS TERRITORY 1. Name and territory of the Union.— (1) India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States. (2) The States and the territories thereof shall be as specified in the First Schedule. (3) The territory of India shall comprise—      (a) the territories of the States;      (b) the Union territories specified in the First Schedule; and      (c) such other territories as may be acquired. 2. Admission or establishment of new States.— Parliament may by law admit into the Union, or establish, new States on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit. 2A . Sikkim to be associated with the Union.].—Omitted by the Constitution (Thirty-sixth Amendment) Act, 1975, s. 5 (w.e.f. 26-4-1975). 3. Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States.—Parliament may by law—      (a) form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or ...

 PART IVA FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES 51A. Fundamental duties.— It shall be the duty of every citizen of India— (a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem; (b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom; (c) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India; (d) to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so; (e) to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women; (f) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture; (g) to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures; (h) to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform; (i) to...

Emblem of India PART III FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS Constitutional Remedies 32. Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part.— (1) The right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the rights conferred by this Part is guaranteed. (2) The Supreme Court shall have power to issue directions or orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari, whichever may be appropriate, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by this Part. (3) Without prejudice to the powers conferred on the Supreme Court by clauses (1) and (2), Parliament may by law empower any other court to exercise within the local limits of its jurisdiction all or any of the powers exercisable by the Supreme Court under clause (2). (4) The right guaranteed by this article shall not be suspended except as otherwise provided for by this Constitution. 32A. [Constitutional validity of State laws not to be considered i...

  PART III FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS Cultural and Educational Rights 29. Protection of interests of minorities. — (1) Any section of the citizens residing in the territory of India or any part thereof having a distinct language, script or culture of its own shall have the right to conserve the same. (2) No citizen shall be denied admission into any educational institution maintained by the State or receiving aid out of State funds on grounds only of religion, race, caste, language or any of them. 30. Right of minorities to establish and administer educational  institutions. — (1) All minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice. (1A) In making any law providing for the compulsory acquisition of any property of an educational institution established and administered by a minority, referred to in clause (1), the State shall ensure that the amount fixed by or determined under such law for the...

  Part III FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS Right against Exploitation 23. Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.— (1) Traffic in human beings and begar and other similar forms of forced labour are prohibited and any contravention of this provision shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law. (2) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from imposing compulsory service for public purposes, and in imposing such service the State shall not make any discrimination on grounds only of religion, race, caste or class or any of them. 24. Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc. —No child below the age of fourteen years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or engaged in any other hazardous employment Right to Freedom of Religion 25. Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and  propagation of religion. — (1) Subject to public order, morality and health and to the other provisions of this Part, all persons are equally entitle...

 PART III FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS Right to Freedom 19. Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.—   (1) All citizens shall have the right—      (a) to freedom of speech and expression;      (b) to assemble peaceably and without arms;      (c) to form associations or unions [or co-operative societies];      (d) to move freely throughout the territory of India;      (e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India; [and][(f)* * * * *]      (g) to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business. (2) Nothing in sub-clause (a) of clause (1) shall affect the operation of any existing law, or prevent the State from making any law, in so far as such law imposes reasonable restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said sub-clause in the interests of [the sovereignty and integrity of India], the security of the State, friendly...