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National Investigation Agency: Mains : GS2 (Polity and Governance), GS3 (Security) What is National Investigation Agency (NIA), exactly? The National Investigation Agency (NIA) is a federal agency in India that works under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India which was established in 2009 by the Indian government to combat terrorism and other serious crimes that have national and international ramifications. The NIA is empowered to investigate and prosecute offenses related to terrorism, as well as offenses that fall under the purview of various other laws, including the Atomic Energy Act, the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, the Explosives Act, and the Weapons of Mass Destruction and their Delivery Systems (Prohibition of Unlawful Activities) Act. Headquarters: New Delhi, India Branches: Hyderabad, Kolkata, Chennai, Guwahati, Mumbai,  Lucknow, Raipur, Kochi and Jammu Why was NIA set up? The National Investigation Agency (NIA) was created in India primarily to a...

 The Constitution (103rd Amendment) Act introduces reservations for economically weaker sections (EWS). This amendment provides reservations in central government and private educational institutions (except minority educational institutions) for admission and recruitment in central government jobs.  Constitution (103rd Amendment) Act, 2019    The 103rd amendment was enacted to promote the welfare of the poor who are not covered under the 50% reservation policy for SCs, STs and the OBCs. The act enables the Centre and the state governments to provide reservations for the EWS. Since this is a law on subjects in the Concurrent list, the individual state governments need to ratify it before adopting it.